Trimming is imply removing excess growth and re-shaping an already existing structure. Pruning promotes strong new growth and helps a healthy and well shaped plant with a good crop of fruit and/or flowers. During the establishment period the way a plant is pruned can have an important impact on it ultimate form.

The right time to prune depends on the type of plant and the severity of the winter climate. Hardy deciduous plants are usually best pruned in winter. Spring flowering plants should be pruned soon after flowering rather than in winter which would remove flower buds. The following applies:

• Spring flowering shrubs and trees-immediately after flowering
• Berry ornamentals- after berries finish
• Rhododendrons and azaleas- mid to late spring as flowering becomes less
• Conifers- as new growth is lush
• Hedges- several times per year when look untidy
• Birches, walnuts and maples- late autumn or early winter
• Deciduous fruit trees- June and July normally
• Australian natives- tip prune all year, avoid peak flowering times.

Pruning, trimming and thinning can also be undertaken in summer when the effects of the shaping can readily be seen.

The following are general methods of pruning that should be undertaken for shrubs and small trees:

Completely remove any diseased, week or damaged wood

Remove suckers and any overly vigorous shoots

Locate the healthy main branches formed during last season’s growth

Cut back to healthy outward facing bud

Access the results and adjust accordingly

The extent of pruning required depends on the type of plant and the desire form. Some plants such as Boronias and Croweas and many others will only require regular tip pruning to encourage a dense, compact habit. Other plants such as Callistemons and Grevilleas require considerable cutting back